When Art Became Heresy: The Battle Over Icons That Shook the Byzantine Empire
The First Iconoclasm (726-787 CE) The seeds of the controversy were sown in the early…
The Siege That Changed the Course of History
The Road to Constantinople In the early 8th century, the Muslim Umayyad Caliphate was at…
The Pre-Christian Beliefs of the Irish
The ancient Irish Celts had a rich and complex spiritual worldview that permeated every aspect…
The Shocking Death of Saint Edmund: England’s First Patron Saint
Saint Edmund, King of East Anglia, is one of the most fascinating figures from England’s…
Wessex: How a Small Anglo-Saxon Kingdom Became the Heart of England
The Kingdom of Wessex, one of the most influential Anglo-Saxon kingdoms in dark age Britain,…
Pope Gregory I: The Great Reformer Who Shaped Medieval Christianity
Pope Gregory I, commonly known as Gregory the Great, stands as one of the most…
The Rise of the Anglo-Saxon Northern Powerhouse
The Foundations of Deira and Bernicia Deira, the southernmost of the two kingdoms, encompassed much…
Emperor Justinian Brings the Law Back to Dark Age Europe
In the 6th century CE, as the Western Roman Empire lay in ruins, the Eastern…
The Staffordshire Horde: The Greatest Anglo-Saxon TreasureÂ
The Staffordshire Hoard is the largest hoard of Anglo-Saxon gold and silver metalwork ever found….
From Orphan to Prophet: Muhammad’s Journey of Resilience
Muhammad, the founder of Islam, was born around 570 CE in Mecca, a city in…
The Penance of Henry IV: A Journey to CanossaÂ
Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor, was a pivotal figure in 11th-century European history, known for…
Pepin the Short: Founding Father of the Mighty Carolingian Dynasty
Pepin the Short, also known as Pepin III or Pippin, was a pivotal figure in…
From Usurper to Byzantine Emperor: The Rise and Fall of Heraclius
Heraclius, born around 575 CE in Cappadocia, was one of the most significant emperors of…
The decline of trade and urban centres following the fall of Rome
Following the fall of the Western Roman Empire, Western Europe saw a significant decline in…
The Last Roman Leader in Gaul
Syagrius and the Fall of the Domain of Soissons By the 5th century CE Gaul,…
