Articles

The Invention of the Stirrup: A Revolution on Horseback

Few inventions have so quietly yet profoundly altered the course of human history as the…

Olaf Cuarán, also known as Amlaíb mac Sitric or Olaf Sihtricson, was a formidable figure…

The “Rule of the Harlots,” also known as the Saeculum obscurum or Pornocracy, marks one of the…

The “mayor of the palace” began as the chief steward of the royal Frankish household….

Few figures from the Viking Age have left a legacy as complex and enduring as…

For over two decades, Zoë Porphyrogenita wielded power through strategic marriages, court intrigue, and an…

Nicholas Breakspear, known to history as Pope Adrian IV, holds the unique distinction of being…

Origins and Dynasty Sitriuc Silkbeard, also known as Sigtrygg II Silkbeard Olafsson, was born around…

The story of Rorik of Dorestad – a Danish Viking who became a king in…

By the late fourth century AD, the Roman Senate – once the ruling heart of…

Emma of Normandy (c. 985–1052), played an influential role in shaping the complex worlds of…

The year 754 CE marked a crucial moment in Dark Ages European history, as it…

For nearly a millennium, the Holy Roman Empire’s imperial elections combined ritual, bribery, and dynastic…

The assassination of Archbishop Thomas Becket in Canterbury Cathedral on December 29, 1170, was a…

Galla Placidia’s life reads like an epic: born into the highest echelons of Roman power,…